Solitude/Isolation in “The Minister’s Black Veil” and Hawthorne’s Life :: Ministers Black Veil Essays

Solitude/Isolation in The ministers Black Veil and Hawthornes Life In the Nathaniel Hawthorne tale, The Ministers Black Veil, we see and receive the solitude/isolation of the minister, Reverend Mr. Hooper. Is this solitude not a reflection of the very life of the author? harmonize to A.N. Kaul in his Introduction to Hawthorne A Collection of Critical Essays, the themes of isolation and alienation were ones which Hawthorne was deeply preoccupied with in his writings (2). At the outset of the tale, The Ministers Black Veil, the sacristan is tolling the church bell and simultaneously watching Mr. Hoopers door, when suddenly he says, But what has good Parson Hooper got upon his face? The surprise which the sexton displayed is repeated in the astonishment of the onlookers With one accord they started, expressing more wonder. . . The reason is this Swathed about his forehead, and hanging down over his face, so low as to be shaken by his breath is a black veil. The 30 year old, unm arried parson receives a variety of reactions from his congregation I cant really feel as if good Mr. Hoopers face was behind that piece of crape He has changed himself into something awful, only by hiding his face Our parson has gone mad Few could refrain from construction their heads towards the door. . . . . . . more than one woman of delicate nerves was forced to leave the meeting-house. Hawthorne, after exposing the surprised people to the sable veil, develops the protagonist through a verbal description of some of his less exotic and curious characteristics Mr. Hooper had the reputation of a good preacher, but not an energetic one he strove to win his people up by mild, persuasive influences, rather than to drive them thither by the thunders of the Word. The sermon which he now delivered was marked by the same characteristics of style and manner as the general series of his pulpit oratory. However, on this first day of wearing his black veil there is some peculiar dif ference in Hoopers sermon But there was something, either in the sentiment of the discourse itself, or in the imagination of the auditors, which made it greatly the most powerful private road that they had ever heard from their pastors lips. It was tinged, rather more darkly than usual, with the gentle gloom of Mr.

Essay --

Things f every last(predicate) a part is an outstanding African literature. The author of the novel is Chinua Achebe and presents the culture, society and history of Ibo association. The novel presents the Ibo confederation as a native African community and brings about the comparison between the community and Christianity. With the introduction of Christianity, the Ibo community was confused since the missionaries wanted them to adapt Christianity and forswear their cultural beliefs and practices (Rhoads 68). An analysis of cultural beliefs and practices of the community, the difference between Ibo and Christianity way of life as well as issues surrounding one of key pillowcases can go to in understanding the content of the novel. The Ibo community practices polytheism they belief and worship more than one god. The community believes that there is a supreme god known as Chukwu who created the universe and other gods. According to one of the members of the community, Okonkwo, th ey worship other small gods and when they do not respond accordingly, they turn to the supreme god. Ibo have curved woodwind instrument which they use as a symbol to represent their gods (Achebe 72). This is because of the fact that they believe in physical god. They also worship the Oracle Hills and Caves as sacred places where their goods lived. The community allowed the practice of polygamy. In this case, men can marry as many wives as they can maintain. Those with many wives were respected and honored members of the community. Okonkwo who is a main character in the novel had many wives and this was as a symbol of strength. In such a family set-up, the man lived in a separate house from all his wives. Each wife had a house of her own where she lived with her children. This was aimed at enhan... ...e committed suicide. The act of committing suicide was not the best option for Okonkwo. This is because he was still spry and his family was still in need of his support. I would have not committed suicide if I was him. He had done a lot to raise his wealth from scratch and should have waited to enjoy the fruits of the hard work. In conclusion, Things Fall a part is a representation of the differences between an African community and missionaries. The missionaries believed that Christianity and formal statement were superior over traditions and hence the Ibo people were to be converted. The conflict which comes about due to the resistance from some members of the community demonstrates how incompatible the two cultural practices are. The title of respect can be related by the situation where Okonkwo,could not hold it more to see how things have fallen in the community.

God and the Caducity of Being: Jean-Luc Marion and Edith Stein on Thinking God :: Philosophical Philosophy God Papers

immortal and the Caducity of Being Jean-Luc Marion and Edith Stein on Thinking GodABSTRACT Jean-Luc Marion claims that God must no longer be thought of in terms of the traditional metaphysical category of Being, for that reduces God to an all too human concept which he calls Dieu. God must be conceived outside of the ontological rest and outside of the question of Being itself. Marion urges us to think of God as love. We wish to argufy Marions claim of the necessity to move au-del de ltre by arguing that Marion presents a very limited understanding of Being he interprets the Being of God as causa sui. The thought of Edith Stein will be employed in order to bring out a fuller sense of the metaphysical notion of the Being of God. Stein offers us a rich backdrop against which we can interpret more traditional readings of God as Being, thereby intriguing Marions claim of the caducity of Being. Traditionally, metaphysics was viewed as consisting of three distinct but related componen ts cosmology, ontology and theology. Cosmology dealt with the being of the natural world conceived as a universe whereas ontology dealt with the being of the particular thing in the cosmos qua its own being. Theology was the investigation of the being of God naturaliter, that is, without exclusively appealing to the truths of Revelation. In his masterful work, God Without Being, Jean-Luc Marion launches a profound challenge to the tradition of metaphysics in general, and more specifically, to the related field of metaphysical theology. Marion claims that God must no longer be thought of in terms of the traditional category Being, for that reduces God to an all too human concept which he calls Dieu. In a sense, a violence is do to God and our understanding of God, for we seriously delimit that which by nature is indeterminable. Drawing upon an Heideggerian-inspired notion of the phenomenological Destruktion, Marion maintains that God must be thought outside the ontological differen ce and outside the very question of Being itself. In so doing, we free ourselves from an idolatry wherein we reduce God to our own all too narrow abstract schemes. Marion urges us to think God in light of St. Johns pronouncement that God is love (1 Jn 4,8). He believes that love has not been thought through in the metaphysical tradition. Thinking love through will lead the philosopher to a more accurate understanding of God as unlimited bestower/gift.

Sociological Theory Essay -- Social Inequality Sociology

It is a theme in sociology to discover where and why there argon social inequalities, either as a result of class stratification, gender, race, and/or a combination of these factors. Theorist cannot explore, or even attempt to, discuss on the whole of the issues so they develop explanations that, at times, coincide with one another. In dealing with the relationship between two conceptualized ideas, oppression/inequality and individualist/liberal ideology, theorist seem to focus on the cause and effect association that structures these ideas. Focusing on four theorist and their ideas for the production of these relationships we will discover how they intertwine and material body on each persons understanding of one topic, and show how it can branch to cover others, or expose the deficiencies and provide a vernal perception of the societal structure. After the examinations and suggestions made on how to make the communities we live in more inclusive of those who feel, and in fact a rgon, oppressed there are no remedies that can cure the plague of societys inequalities/oppressions, and whether they are evidence of individualist/liberal ideology does not matter.In T.H. Marshalls Citizenship and Social Class he assesses the reasons for social inequality by examining the structure and definition of citizenship. He defends his argument by investigating the origin of citizenship in incline history. In the beginning of his theory Marshall defines the individual pieces that produce citizenship civil rights, political rights, and social rights. Civil rights are the rights necessary for individual freedom-liberty of the person freedom of speech, thought, and faith (Marshall 1995 1965. p.94) political rights give permission to be a member of the politic... ...hley W. Doane and Eduardo Bonilla-Silva (eds.), New Racism, Color-Blind Racism, and the Future of Whiteness in America. In White by The Continuing Significance of Racism (New York Routledge), pp. 271-312. Frase r, Nancy and Lynda Gordon. 1995. Contract versus Charity Why is There No Social Citizenship in the United States. In Gershon Shafir (ed.), The Citizenship Debates (Minneapolis University of Minnesota Press), pp. XX. Marshall, T. H. 1995 1965. Citizenship and Social Class. In Gershon Shafir (ed.), The Citizenship Debates (Minneapolis University of Minnesota Press), pp. XX. Young, Iris Marion. 1996. Gender as Seriality Thinking Theoretically about Women as a Social Collective. In Barbara Laslett and Ruth Ellen Boetcher (eds), The Second Signs Reader womens liberationist Scholarship, 1983-1996 (Chicago University of Chicago Press), pp. 713-738.

The Active Future as Divine :: Philosophy Religion Papers

The Active Future as DivineNormally, activity is regarded as discernible, but according to relativity supposition whatever is discernible lies in the past of the discernible. Only the present subjective immediacy is properly active. Subjectivity is properly understood as present fitting objectivity as past being (so Whitehead). I propose that we extend the domain of subjective immediacy to include the prox as well as the present. This future universal activity is pluralized in the present in terms of the m whatever actualities coming into being. Subjectivity is the individualization of becoming, and so can apply to the future as a whole as well as to particular present subjects. The future as divine grows out of Whiteheads revisions of traditional thoughts of omnipotence and omniscience. But he separates creativity (best understood in terms of Hindu and Buddhist thought) from the God of Western theism. This separation can be overcome if God is future creativity individualized in its own realm, which is the source of the creativity within each of us.Ordinarily we think of the future as a blank background on which we imaginatively project our plans, hopes and fears. Or we may consider it as a receptacle, passively registering the conditions the present and past lays upon it. Once all these conditions are completed, it comes into being-only then it is no longer future but present. As long as it is still future and still indeterminate, we do not see how it could be active. How could the future actively receive and respond to its world?Besides the ordinary passive future we are all familiar with, I wish to propose a notion of the future which can serve as the appropriate mode of divine activity. First, I need to show how an active future is possible. Then I moldiness try to show that God can be appropriately conceived as the activity of the future. In this account I shall be relying heavily on the execute philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead, primarily as foun d in his main work, Process and Reality (1929). In part I shall be presenting his ideas, while in part I shall be building on them in ways he did not foresee.The future is usually considered to be exclusively passive because it lacks any discernible activity. Most deem whatever discernible activity there is to be present, relegating to the past whatever is no longer active. This makes good wizard for those who assume that world is constituted out of enduring substances, but it makes less sense if the world is conceived in terms of events.

The Active Future as Divine :: Philosophy Religion Papers

The Active Future as DivineNormally, activity is regarded as glaring, but according to relativity theory whatever is discernible lies in the past of the discernible. Only the present subjective immediacy is properly active. Subjectivity is properly tacit as present becoming objectivity as past being (so Whitehead). I propose that we extend the domain of subjective immediacy to include the future as well as the present. This future oecumenic activity is pluralized in the present in terms of the many actualities coming into being. Subjectivity is the individualization of becoming, and so foot apply to the future as a whole as well as to particular present subjects. The future as divine grows out of Whiteheads revisions of traditional notions of omnipotence and omniscience. But he separates creativity (best understood in terms of Hindu and Buddhist thought) from the God of Western theism. This separation can be overcome if God is future creativity individualized in its own realm, wh ich is the source of the creativity within each of us.Ordinarily we think of the future as a blank background on which we imaginatively swan our plans, hopes and fears. Or we may consider it as a receptacle, passively registering the conditions the present and past lays upon it. Once all these conditions are completed, it comes into being-only then it is no longer future but present. As long as it is still future and still indeterminate, we do not see how it could be active. How could the future actively receive and oppose to its gentlemans gentleman?Besides the ordinary passive future we are all familiar with, I wish to propose a notion of the future which can serve as the appropriate mode of divine activity. First, I need to evidence how an active future is possible. Then I must try to show that God can be appropriately conceived as the activity of the future. In this account I shall be relying heavily on the process philosophy of Alfred northeasterly Whitehead, primarily as found in his main work, Process and Reality (1929). In part I shall be presenting his ideas, while in part I shall be building on them in ways he did not foresee.The future is usually considered to be exclusively passive because it lacks any discernible activity. to the highest degree deem whatever discernible activity there is to be present, relegating to the past whatever is no longer active. This makes good sense for those who assume that world is constituted out of enduring substances, but it makes less sense if the world is conceived in terms of events.

In the Mood for Interior Design

Kathryn Terry Professor Mooney Eng105N 5 March, 2012 In the Mood for Interior fig There are many things that strike ones mood in the world. Mood seems like something simple that mountain give the gate change themselves. But, in fact, mood is shamed by more than just the people around or how one is tinge. The way a path is designed and laid bug out and the disguises that one picks for the room contact a persons mood more than most sort out. Many aspects of upcountry design affect peoples moods.The Article, Occupation Information, states that interior designers prepare specifications for interior construction materials, space planning, decreaseing, finishes, equipment and furnishing. They similarly develop designs that are appropriate, functional and aesthetically pleasing for others. Reading blueprints, sense building and go over codes and knowing how to desexualize space accessible to people who are disabled are things interior designers must know. Traditionally, mo st interior designers tension on choosing a style, emblazon, and pattern and then selecting appropriate lighting, furnishing, window covering and ar devilrk for the home. Interior designers may range alone as consultants or with a design group (Occupation Information). They often visit clients in their homes and offices and they often work on weekends and long hours. Personal requirements for interior designers are being imaginative, having an chaste flair, being good at problem solving and lateral things and being good at technical drawing and illustration (Occupation Information). April Sanders states that interior designers pass on know for a long time that room decoration and contort affects moods (Sanders). Every room in a house has the ability to affect ones atmosphere and mood.Anna Starmer says that, ones home can become a haven of mood enhancing spaces to calm the soul and refresh the brainiac (Starmer 19). Furnishing, accessories, paint colors, room arrangements and even scents in a room can affect the mood of the person in the room (Sanders). Shilpa Shah writes that colors are light waves that are reflected and absorbed by all things around a person. Color is the language of the universe (Shah). It can interconnect the heart, body and soul, soothe ones emotions, spur energy into a person, and protect and raise ones health and spirit (Shah).Mary Nicholson says that color, without realizing it, can have a larger force on how one feels both mentally and physically (Nicholson). Leslie browned says that people cannot believe what their eyes are telling them when it comes to color, nor can they believe what they know to be authorized (Leslie chocolate-brown 12). In the article, Feng Shui colourise, it says that since the beginning of time, color therapy has been used by the ancient Egyptians and the Greeks who assigned specific colors to specific illnesses. unitary actually does not have to see a color to benefit from it. Blind people can fee l the difference in colors by touch (Feng Shui colour). as well as strong or too much of a color will do no one any favors, particularly if they want a relaxing atmosphere (Brown 12). Every color has a diverse effect on peoples moods. Red is a warm color that is undischarged for grabbing prudence and can increase brain activity and ones pulse rate. It is great for adding a sense of drama to a space and is also great for creating a party atmosphere (Feng Shui colourise). Red can advance the eye to make a space seem cozier (Leslie Brown 12).It is also associated with fire and passion and can be used to stimulate and intensify emotion. One does however, have to use red sparingly, because it can become overwhelming and make people feel aggressive or moody if they stay in the room too long. Red was preserved as being rough and warm when it was moved(p) by the blind (Feng Shui Colors). Another warm color is orange. Orange is a stimulating color that is often associated with enthus iasm, optimism, and sociability. Orange is a great color when entertaining visitors, for example in a dining room.One wants to avoid using a lot of orange in a bedroom because it can be over stimulating (Feng Shui Colors). When mixed with yel miserable, orange can have the ability to overcome welter (Leslie Brown 104). Orange is a color that full treatment well when mixed with other colors as long as the colors do not clash (Leslie Brown 106). Yellow is another color that is in the warm family. Yellow is great for lifting spirits, raising energy levels and decreasing negativity. It is particularly good for encouraging intellectual progress and focusing the mind. Yellow is ull of creative and intellectual energy (Feng Shui Colors). Yellow is one of the most approachable colors, because it is capable of extraordinary variations and because at its deepest and strongest, it never gets dark. Yellow is a perfect mulish color because of its friendliness and versatility (Leslie Brown 99) . One does have to be careful when mixing yellow with other colors though. Gray and discolour are two colors that work very well with yellow (Leslie Brown 97). Green is a placid color. Green is associated with calming and peace, and promotes feelings of safety.It is the strongest of the secondary colors and it acts like a primary. The balancing, restful qualities in greens make for an obvious Feng Shui decorating color choice for existent rooms, bedrooms and places of retreat. A soft green bathroom can also be very relaxing. It is a very useful color for people who are experimenting wayward teenagers or people who seem out of balance on an ablaze level (Feng Shui Colors). Blue is also a cool color. Blue is one of the easiest and best colors to use because it comes in so many different shades.It is the color of infinity because the sky is blue and the sky goes on forever (Leslie Brown 80). Blue can reduce tension and stress and is useful in calming negative emotions when tempers are running high. It is also associated with effective communication and clear thought and is great for focusing the mind. Blue was perceived as cool and smooth when the blind touched it. Too much blue can be cold and depressing, so one should avoid it if they are prone to moodiness and low mood swings (Feng Shui Colors). Another cool color is purple.Purple was very expensive to fashion, therefore it is a color of majesty (Leslie Brown 129). Purple is a color linked with activities much(prenominal) as mediation and healing and is cognize as the psychic color. Purple can have a calming and restorative effect in a bedroom as it encourages introspection which is key at night time when your energy needs to be focused inward (Feng Shui Colors). When one mixes purple with other colors, it can lose its daunting majesty to become a modern spice for stark spaces (Leslie Brown 130). Pink is the ultimate feminine color of love and nurturing.It is a color often presented as a color that one paints a small girls room because it is so bold. Pink is not as ditzy as people make it out to be (Leslie Brown123). It is great for creating a sense of calmness and is great for overactive children. Someone with sleep difficulties and someone who has just gone through divorce might want to consider painting a room pink (Feng Shui Colors). Pink is a color that was not invented with a clear range (Leslie Brown 133). White and Cream are colors that refresh the mind. Cream is a warm, friendly and rich color (Leslie Brown 58).White is associated with cleanliness and purity and can be useful when ones senses are overloaded and they need to clear dismantle the emotions (Feng Shui Colors). Whites textures and tones evoke a sense of calmness that people like in homes that are in cities or countries (Leslie Brown 50). One does have to be careful with white because it can be difficult to live with long term (Feng Shui Colors). Black is the total opposite of white and cream. Black can be pres erved as being a bold, sexy and an independent color.It can create a sense of magic because it has such great depth to it (Feng Shui Colors). Black can however be a depressing color and referred back to death. The best way to use wispy is to use on one wall and accent it with bright colors like violet or neutrals. Black combined with gray can make for a great room. It should be avoided in childrens bedrooms, dining rooms and kitchens (Leslie Brown 70). Brown/beige is a color that is as strong and muscular as black but a little more friendly. It is one of the more natural colors similar to green because it is a color earthy in nature.Brown/beige is a color that is typically known as more of a masculine color, because it has less pink than a cream color. Brown/beige is a color that puts people at ease and relaxes them. It is often a color used but builders because it is pleasing to the buyers and will usually work well with any color. Arts and Crafts houses generally have an affini ty with beige and brown schemes because the style made full use of the colors of wood, (Leslie Brown 64-66). Colors and the placement of furniture together can really affect someones mood.Simon Brown writes that Feng Shui is the placement of furniture and the way in which people interact with there environment (Simon Brown). David Kennedy states that it is an ancient Chinese art of improving every aspect of peoples life by creating energy flow and capital of New Hampshire in their environment (Kennedy 1). Feng Shui is a term composed of two Chinese words. Feng is a word that means wind and Shui meaning water (Kennedy 13). Rizwana Mundewadi states that Feng Shui works on the principle of balancing the five elements fire, earth, metal, water and wood, (Mundewadi).Balancing those five elements can help lead to prosperity, peace, and harmony in all aspects of life (Mundewadi). The Chinese have known for a very long time that peoples physical surroundings affect every aspect of their in ner and outer lives. By rearranging their living and working environments according to ancient Feng Shui principles, many successful individuals now create harmony and happiness in their relationships, increase their prosperity, and reduce patterns of difficulty, stress and failure in their everyday lives.The Chinese have long recognized the distinct relationship between Feng Shui and having a success in life. Most individuals do not realize that their surroundings affect their health, wealth, family life, relationships and even ones destiny (Kennedy 1). Feng Shui works on the basis that you have an emotional energy field running through and around your body, (Simon Brown 8). Whether one is aware of it or not, Feng Shui affects them every moment of every day (Kennedy 11).Everyones environment or energy surrounding them can help create an experience that can lead to greater success in life (Simon Brown 8). Although most people do understand that too much clutter can create a feeling of frustration or anxiety, most do not understand that the improper arrangement of the accessories and furniture can also create a stressful and anxiousness feeling. A small table crowded with accessories like photos can irritate someone who is trying to find a place to set their drink down.The location of ones bed can affect a marriage and the position of a desk can affect ones attention and work performance, which can perhaps make the difference in someone getting a job promotion or demotion. A room that has a couch with its back to a large window or opening can leave a person feeling subconsciously vulnerable as if someone could sneak up on them, (Sanders). Following all the Feng Shui principles can help living and working environment that can help someone achieve the success and happiness that they deserve (Kennedy 1).There so many things Interior Designers must know in order to create a mood friendly environment for themselves or their clients. All the colors and the Feng Shui technique affect moods in so many different ways. The more they are study the more that will be discovered about all the affects they have on peoples moods. Knowing how all the different colors affect peoples moods can create a warm and friendly or cool and relaxing environment depending on which colors are chosen. It is a strategy that many people are unaware of thats important and can be very rewarding.

I Want a Wife: a Wife or a Servant

Many wives sometimes feel unappreciated, neglected, and practically used which sometimes may lead to speaking fall out loud for themselves. This was the case with a woman in the 70s named Judy Brady. In 1971, Judy Bradys prove I Want a Wife was in the first edition of Ms. Magazine which targeted the inequality that was promised to women at this time. Being as the 70s was a time when women constantly struggled for equality and rights, Brady has some very interesting views on the term wife. Brady begins her thought process after audience from a male friend who has recently become divorced. With him being single, and looking for a new wife it occurred to Brady that she too wanted a wife of her own.Brady states passim her essay reasons why she would want a wife, making them very bold and easily understood. I want a wife to take c atomic number 18 of my sensible needs.(525) and I want a wife who will keep my clothes cleaned, ironed, and mended (525) are just a couple of reasons Brad y gives for wanting a wife. Women in the 70s were often looked at as almost subhuman, making them stand up and speak for themselves. Brady clearly does not want a wife of her own, but is merely hard to make a bold statement to readers of this magazine. In doing so, she is trying to help the reader understand how hard a wife works and how easily they are taken for granted.Brady makes her voice heard by using a satirical form of writing, and by doing this she makes a very good dit. Many men in the early 20th century viewed women as a pedestal by which they relied on for their everyday needs. The sarcasm of the essay shows the reader how a wife feels slightly how she is treated. Brady states in her closing sentence, My god who wouldnt want a wife?(525), which basically states that wives are unappreciated and over worked in many ways.Bradys essay is one that could have both good and bad reactions from its readers. Brady goes on in her essay as if she wants a wife to pick up the dutie s of her everyday tone so that she may pursue her dreams. Many women of the 70s were beginning to take a stand on womens rights, so this particular audience would have concur with Brady. Statements such as I want a wife who will take care of the details of my social life. When my wife and I are invited out by my friends, I want a wife who will take care of the babysitting arrangements.(525), sounds very appealing to the women of this time.On the opposite end, many wives could be offended by Bradys essay. Some wives of the 70s enjoyed the life of a housewife. People that were raised in the early 20th century were always taught that the women took care of the familys needs, which included the husband. Although this was a shrinking percentage of women, they still must be considered within the reading audience.By making her voice heard, Brady makes a clear point that she is tired of being over-worked and unappreciated. Most anyone could easily agree that wives in early 20th century Am erica were completely unappreciated, and often used while others could besides disagree, as they enjoy staying at home and slaving over everyday chores. Overall, Bradys essay was well-written, and the point was made clear enough so that all Americans would fare that some housewives just cant be silent any longer.

Chico Mendes

The life of Chico Mendes. Born December 15, 1944 Xapuri, Brazil Died December 22, 1988 (aged 44) Xapuri, Brazil At first I thought I was competitivenessing to save good-for-nothing trees, then I thought I was fighting to save the Amazon come downforest. Now I realise I am fighting for hu objet dartity. Chico was many things, he was a steward to this earth, a unionist,an enviromental activist , a father, a husband and the list carrys on. This story starts with Chico being a natural galosh tapper. Following his father, he was a seringueiro, a rubber tapper.He farmed a small clearing, merely relied on the sale of rubber from several hundred native rubber trees in the rain forest itself to provide income for him and his family. Chico inherited the land and the trees from his father who had begun tapping them in the 1930s. Two long v-shaped cuts made with care in the bark of for each one(a) rubber tree would produce one or two cups of the rubber. Chico also collect other natural forest products, such as fruits and Brazil nuts, allthough this didnt support lots of a difference to his income.There was approximately 100,000 other rubber tappers living throughout the rain forest, and this is what they do as well. It is sustainable harvest which does not repeal the forest. When Chico was a young boy, him and his father would go rubber tapping together because it was one of the very few job available. At that day and age, the rubber tappers were conned out of their notes by the people who bought the rubber. Becaue of the little education they all recieved, they couldnt do basic things, like reading or writing.The man that bought the rubber would lie about how much rubber he was given and the price the rubber was worth. This was changed when Chico met a man called Wilson, Wilson came to the rainforest because he was told you could get rich from rubber tapping and told Chico that if he taught him how to tap rubber than in return, Wilson would educate Chico about things like, reading, writing and maths. A union was by and by formed by Wilson. Because of this union it helped the people get a better a education aswell as protecting their rights.On the first speach Wilson gave, he told everyone about how if everyone sticks together, than they are stronger than if they are apart. Wilson demonstrated this by using sticks, he snapped the one that was seperated, easily but not the bundle of many sticks. Land speculators and large cattle ranching buisnesses are more interested in the short-term profit than the diely stumper of all the rubber tappers so they wanted to cut and burn the rubber trees down so they could build a road and ranches, this of course was so the rich, could cash in ones chips richer. The didnt care for the poor.When the union found out about the plans they fought back and organised protests and speaches, the leaders of the operations didnt appreciate this and sent Wilson (who was the leader of the union at that time) a goat s head, this was a death promise. Wilson and his union didnt back down though, this was the cause of Wilsons death, he was shot in the head. The leaders of the companies thought this would scare away the union, it did. The leaders of the companies thought that this would scare the union so much that Chico would back down, but instead he did the opposite, Chico lead the union from then on.Chico Mendes and the Union fought to end this destruction of the tropical rain forest. The made many political inroads, gaining influence with the public. His main enemy was Darli Alves da Silva, a cattle rancher who had begun acquiring forest land in Acre. Darli vowed that Mendes would not live out 1988. In one protest, a man thought Chico was vent to be killed by a man with a chain saw, so the man stupidly stepped infront of the chainsaw and later the man had to have his arm amputated. This made the class laugh.In many of the protest Chico told the memebers of the union to sit down and not fight back, because if they fought back, their enemies would say it was self defence when they harmed the inoccent union memebers. The man that was buying the forest for ranches, ambushed the union and shot a boy dead, putting 9 bullets in his body. Chico later ran for governour, his wife did not approve and she begged Chico not to draw attention to himself. Chico didnt get enough votes to become govenour and his opponent was giving away free chainsaws which made Chico drop some votes from his once loyal friends.When Chico was already a father to one child, his daughter. His wife once again became pregnant to two boys, sadly only one of his sons survived, the other passed away. When Chico went to Miami, he become more well known, which showed people about how the companies wanted to exploit the rainforest. Because Chico was becoming a threat to the companies plans, people came to negotiate what was going to happen,For a negotiation, there needs to be a give, and a take. Explained one o f the men. Fine, give us back or land, and take away the chainsaws. Replied Chico as he laughed at his own joke.The men, after alot of negotiating decided that the land would be reserved for the rubber tappers and each generation off them. When the negotation was over, Darli and his family were chased of the land. Darli, obviously he was black about this and supposedly sent Chico a death threat, once again, it came in the form of a goats head. Chico, his wife, and two natural lawmen assigned to guard him were playing cards at his home on December 22, 1988. Chico stepped outside for a moment and was killed by a shotgun blast to the chest from a waiting assassin.The local police claimed no clues or suspects in the case, but local and international protests forced the Brazilian government to enter the investigation. Evidence led them to the ranch of Darli da Silva. In the summer of 1989 indictments for murder were handed down to Darli da Silva, his son Darci Pereia da Silva, and Jer deir Pereia, one of da Silvas ranch hands. Testimony indicated that Darli ordered the murder and that Darci supervised as Jerdeir carried out the plot. There is evidence that other prominent ranchers may have been involved in the plot, and they are currently under investigation.

Media Impact on the Society Analyzed Using Conflict Theory Essay

According to the Conflict theory of sociology, the defining quality of human societies has unceasingly been the existence of different classes of people in the familiarity and conflicts of interest between these classes of people.In the United States, wealth and part ar concentrated in the work force of a comparatively few wealthy families. The interests of this relatively small but wealthy and politically powerful class of people is always under myopic terror from the masses at large, therefore institutionalized mechanisms exist in the g overnment and society, that allow the bounteous to retain their wealth and power and the forgetful to die hard poor and non-influential (Mantsios).The media is unitary such tool for perpetuating the power of the rich. More than half of all the mass media outlets such as newspapers, magazines and movie studios ar have by proficient 23 large corporations which are in turn, under the control of the upper class. It is not surprising there fore that the media engages in advocacy for the rich and for the continuance of the location quo in the economic, political and companionable order (Mantsios).The basic strategy followed in the media in order to prevent the masses from rising against the inequalities of the political and accessible formation is divide and conquer. This does not necessarily have to be a conscious decision on the part of the media administrators rather it may simply be a manifestation of the ideology that drives media owners.The media engages in inciting the larger part of the lower classes, which are relatively better-off sections of against those sections of the society which face extreme poverty and destitution. They are multi-color as threats to a common persons security, as parasites living off the taxpayers gold and in general as people who are poor through their own bad lifestyle choices (Mantsios).The rich on the other hand are portray as benevolent although their corporations engage in practices which are greatly harmful to the common person and are often responsible for the destruction of the livelihood of the poor especially small businesses. Their wealth is portrayed to be the result of hard work and effort even though the rich receive a far larger share of the taxpayers money in the form of agricultural subsidies etc. (Mantsios)The media humanizes the rich by exploring minute aspects of their personal lives and dehumanizes the poor as a violent, lazy and criminal class (Mantsios).The rich are depicted as people with interesting personality quirks and eccentricities but ultimately harmless, those few among the rich who are convicted of criminal behavior are create verbally off as a few bad apples. In this way the harmful effects of the endemic social stratification in American society and the harmful actions engaged in by upper class oligarchs are glossed over or ignored (Mantsios).Social StratificationSocial Stratification is the cleavage of the individuals in a society in observable classes in accordance with their societal influence and wealth. Different societies have different levels of rigidity in their social order. The more socially stratified a society, the less common it becomes for a person born in a lower class to rise up to a higher class through their own efforts (Domhoff).An extreme example of social stratification was the traditional caste agreement in Hindu society. This system forced people to adopt the trade of their ancestors. Thus priestly families would only produce more priests, soldier families would produce soldiers, servant families would produce only servants and the inaccessible outcast families would produce only outcasts.In the United States, one of the manifestations of social stratification can be observed in the education system. The effect of social status can clearly be seen in students performance in standardized tests. On average students from high income families have much higher sit down scores than students from low income families (Mantsios, Class in America Myths and Realities).Another aspect of social stratification is in the job market, people whose parents were blue collar workers are far more likely to be blue collar workers. The people in the upper class on the other hand tend to remain upper class (Domhoff).According to Marxist thought, social stratification arose out of the unequal economic infrastructure of a society one class owned the means of production and the other class was forced to sell their labor to them.In Marxist thought, the social classes were in perpetual conflict. Marx visual modalityed history as one long struggle of the under classes against the privileges in societal infrastructure that the over classes had built for themselves.Marx viewed the abolition of monarchy as one step in the destruction of over class privilege, now it was no longer acceptable for an upper class to assert its right to rule everyone else based on divine authority, how ever engage slavery persisted i.e. the lower classes were still obliged to sell their labor to those who owned the means of production, in order to survive.According to Marxist thought the abolition of tete-a-tete ownership was the next step in evolution of a society without social stratification.Revolutionary, Reform, Conservative and Reactionary Social MovementsSocial motility can be divided into four typed in accordance with their primary characteristicsRevolutionary social movements are movements that intent to lift political upheaval and radical social transmit to the society. Revolutionary movements often seek to engage about greater social equality and to remove one individual, family, ethnicity or social class monopoly on power and wealth. For example the Abolitionist movement in the American South sought to bring an end to the endemic social institution of slavery.Reform movements seek to bring about positive changes in the social order while not attempting to radical ly threaten the existing social hierarchy. An example of a reform movement would be a movement that called for better treatment of slaves rather than an end to slavery.Conservative movements seek to perpetuate the existing social order and to resist the influences which they view as threatening to the status quo. The work of pro-slavery preachers in the antebellum American South may be viewed as a conservative movement.Reactionary movements are radical and often violent expressions of opposition to changes taking place in a society, the Southern insurrectionist movement is an example of a reactionary movement.The hip to(predicate) Hop movement among urban African Americans cannot be neatly fitted into any of these molds. pelvic arch hop may be regarded as reactionary to the extent that it was a reaction to the destruction of the traditional African American social order by outside capitalist forces (Rose).Hip Hop can be regarded as revolutionary movement due to the often radical m essage of black empowerment that some of the song lyrics convey.Hip Hop can be regarded as a reform movement due to the fact the main exponents of the movement have neither the means and nor the serious inclinations for bringing about radical change.Hip Hop may be viewed as a conservative movement due to the fact that it seeks to perpetuate some social inequalities such as patriarchate (Rose).In short Hip Hop is merely a tool for the voiceless to voice their frustrations and concerns, its value as a cohesive movement to bring about any positive change in the African American community is doubtful.Gender SocializationGender socialization is the progressive assimilation of a person into the society by adoption of behaviors which the society considers appropriate for his or her gender.The process of gender socialization is initiated at a young age and little girls and boys are taught to behave differently (Lorber).Often the means of gender socialization are quite subtle and may not eve n be complete by parents or guardians who oversee and enforce the process. A classical example of gender socialization is parents getting dolls for little girls and guns for little boys. This insidiously teaches little girls that their intention in life is to be nurturers and to dress well and look nice while boys learn that resorting to violence is a socially appropriate behavior for them.organism male and female is thus an adopted societal role that is forced upon an individual by society and to be socially appropriate an individual must(prenominal) constantly do gender (Lorber).This process of doing gender is especially exhausting to those individuals who do not feel sufficiently male or female, do not strictly identify with any gender or identify with a different gender than the one considered appropriate for them by the society (Lucal).In What It mean to be Gendered Me, Betsy Lucal, a tall female with a male appearance faces many difficulties. She is challenged when trying t o use the ladies toilet, service staff addresses her as sir and she is suspected of finesse when attempting to use her credit card (Lucal).She finds that when she is with her brother, young women try to flirt with her, believing them to be two unattached young men, and when she is with her female friends, people tend to hypothecate of them as a heterosexual couples (Lucal).

Managing Health and Safety at Work Act Essay

Review of health and recourse roles and responsibilitiesIdentify 2 pieces of legislation relating to health, safe and welfare relevant to the workplace I bear identified, The health and safety at work forge 1974 and worry health and safety at work regulations 1999. The health and safety at work act 1974 is the primary piece of legislation covering all work related health and safety in the UK. It particularizes out employers responsibilities for your health and safety at work. The Management of health and safety at work regulations make the assessment of risks a cornerstone of UK health and safety requirements. Duties statute law imposes on both the four-in-hand and the team and the managers responsibilities contained within the organisations health and safety policy. The most important responsibility as an employee is to take reasonable care of your own health and safety and if possible avoid wearing jewelry and tie hair back when using the machines.To take reasonable care n ot to put other people , cub employees and members of the public at risk by what you do or dont do in the course of your work. You should co-operate with your employer, making sure you get correct training and you understand and follow the companys health and safety policies. An employee should never interfere with or misuse anything thats been provided for your health, safety or welfare. It is your province to report any injuries, strains or illnesses you suffer as a result of doing your job. You should always tell your employer if something happens that might affect your ability to work eg becoming fraught(p) or suffering an injury.All employers must make the workplace safe and prevent risks to health and ensure that the machinery is safe to use, and that safe working practices are set up and followed. The employer needs to provide adequate first aid facilities and tell you about any potential hazards from the work you do and give you information, instructions, training and i nspection as needed. Emergency plans need to be set up in case of emergency.Make sure that ventilation, temperature, lighting, and toilet, washing and rest facilities all meet health, safety and welfare requirements. Check that the right work equipment is provided and is properly used and regularly maintained. Ensure that the right warning signs are provided and looked after.Report certain accidents, injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences to either the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) or the local authority, weighing on the type of business.Explain what is meant by a adequate person in your workplaceA competent person is someone who has sufficient training and experience or knowledge and other qualities that allow them to assist members properly. The take aim of competence required will depend on the complexity of the situation and the particular help you need. When getting help you should give preference to those in your own organization who have the appropriate level of c ompetence which includes the employer themselves before looking for help from outside. You must consult health and safety representatives in good time on the arrangements for competent help.Identify 2 ways you can provide health and safety information, instruction and training in your teamOne way you can provide health and safety information is by using leaflets and posters around the work place. You can get these from various sites including Sector Skills Councils (www.sscalliance.org.uk) UK Commission for Employment and Skills (UKCES)(www.ukces.org.uk) trade unions or trade associations still education colleges private training organisations independent health and safety consultants employer bodies (eg Chambers of Commerce) and cleverness-awarding bodies. To find a course leading to an accredited health and safety qualification look at the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority website www.qca.org.uk/qualifications.Secondly you could offer on the job training or classroom base d learning individually or in groups. Computer based or interactive learning is a very fast, accurate and fun way of teaching the employees.

A Piece of Peace Essay

The terrorist attacks on September 11th affected more than just the lives of those in mickle who were the direct victims of the attacks. An entire acres was victimized and the whole nation grieved for those who suffered in New York City. As the attacks occurred I sat in my high school slope class and while the t apieceer taught I day dreamed. It was a typical Tuesday morning and to be truthful I did non ever hear her the head start time she explained the tragic events that had taken place just muments ago.I heard the word terrorists and the fragments of statements like hundreds died this morning when. Then, I could only hear my heart break down in my ears. I watched my teacher turn on the TV. She flipped by means of several stations. I dont look upon what I saw b bely I can remember what I heard. It was the sound of concourse crying. Over the next few months, as a nation, we followed the story as did the world. I can remember electric chair Bush attempting to comfort the United States and telling us America would be going to state of war for reasons that werent clear to me then and certainly argonnt clear to me now.Somewhere between the night of September 10th, when I was plotting how I was going to avoid school the next morning and the night of September 11th, I grew up. When I look vertebral column on that time in my life I am left with a single haunting thought It is the spare-time activity of peace which leads to destruction. Even today, years after the terrorist attacks, people still talk about how that day changed everything. I agree, in some ways. It changed me and I became something unused. It changed my family. It changed how American stead other Americans and how we view the rest of the world.Americans have since the birth of the nation believed that their way was the best way. Americans were shocked to find out that people hated them enough to unavoidableness to kill them. September 11th forced Americas to reflect on the military, social, and political actions of America and how they effected people of other countries. Perhaps Americans are not always in the right. For example, President Bush I gave weapons to the Afghan people to win a war once morest Russia. When the Afghan people defeated the Russian, Afghanistan was completely destroy. American promised them they will help rebuild but they did not.That is why the terrorist were able to amaze into the country and making a terrorist breeding ground. I dont think that September 11th effects the way Americans conduct their lives daily. People who say it does are feeling the pressure of guilt. Society says we must(prenominal)(prenominal)iness not forget, and as Americans say we wont. As a nation the citizens learned that there is a fine line between terrorist and freedom fighter- we are just afraid to admit it and seem unamerican. Those men who ran planes into building, killed Americans and killed themselves unavoidablenessed only one thing peace.They wa nted freedom from the western world and choose to die. on the dot as we wanted indep annulence from England centuries ago. In looking for peace they destroyed lives, families, and shook the protected ground the United States sat on. It made the country stronger but not smarter. I am anxious over the global discord and the cultural ignorance that seems to grow between the United States and the rest of the world. The problems in Iraq foretell and may spark future clashes with a number of civilizations in the future. Just recently I drove home from work and I flipped through different radiocommunication stations.I caught the end of Bob Dylans The Times They Are A-Changing. Its funny because that is my moms favorite song and I had forgotten it existed. I still can hear her sing, Come gather round people Wherever you roam / And admit that the waters Around you have grown /For the times they are a-changin, while she tinkered around in the kitchen way before anyone else got up. I dont know that I ever really listened to the words before. Dylan knew and my mom knew things I was just beginning to. Dylan and my mom knew theres a battle outside And it is ragin and September 11th did shake our windows and rattled our walls.As a nation its citizens have no right to criticize What we you cant understand and our sons and your daughters Are beyond our your command (Dylan). Our s overageiers fight a war for reasons no one really knows for America that would rather criticize them then help in country that does not seem to want peace. Dylan sings about the disadvantage in war and that we should not be afraid to speak our minds Come writers and critics Who prophesize with your pen And keep your eyes wide The chance wont come again And dont speak too soon For the wheels still in spin And theres no tellin who That its namin.For the loser now lead be later to win For the times they are a-changin. (Dylan) Bush wants peace but for his own reasons and through those reasons Ameri can soldiers are dying, and so are the Iraqi people. It is ironic that while those terrorists die nobly but ur soldiers die in such a cruel way. McKay writes in his poem, If We must(prenominal) Die, that people should not die for nothing or by doing nothing. That death is inevitable, especially in war, but all people must fight for the things we want in this world and hold on to life and liberty as long as we can O kinsmen we must meet the common confrontationThough far outnumbered let us show us brave, And for their thousand blows deal one deathblow What though before us lies the open autograph? Like men well face the murderous, cowardly pack, Pressed to the wall, dying, but fighting back (Claude McKay) In the summer of 2001 I was lying in my hammock and I could see a butterfly in my backyard. I remember as a child learning that caterpillars itch and go into cocoons to find peace from that. transform in a way is a form of destruction. To be able to be someone new people have to give up their old selves and move past who they used to bee.When a child develops into an adult, he must give up his toys, his childhood beliefs like believing in Santa Claus. His childhood fantasies must be destroyed if he is to move on. In the years that followed September 11th I could feel myself adapt to my new surroundings ( livid Line 2). White, through the use of nature explores the scary nature of change I have to shed my skin again Adapt to my new surroundings become other version of myself. The change within me does not happen overnight but through the evolution of my life (White) I was filled with Americans understanding of patriotism and unity.The new American was like the first fish that grew tiny legs (White Line 8). Christine Whites poem, Molting reminded me that it was not just me that grew up, the United States did too. Whites point of view is that change is not a dreary thing and is inevitable. Nearly every person around the country joined unitedly as one unit ed entity to pay tribute and homage to all the fallen heroes. There was a sense of harmony and peace. In way I think America, even those the terrorist attacks were tragic, knew that such an event was needed if we were going to shed our my skin (White Line 1) and become a stronger nation.As time goes by and my bad memories fade I remember America in its full glory. Watching the cumulative effect of humanity shining through the fire and smoke. I remember how many people spoke about the importance of peace and understanding. I wonder if there can be peace if Americans are sort out both support and protest our soldiers in Iraq. The war over there caused a war here between Americans. It is the protesters protest protesters on both sides of the issues each wanting peace in their own way. People who do not want our soldiers fighting in Iraq believe that they would be peace if America stop butting into everyones business.People who are for the war in Iraq believe peace will only come afte r the destruction of all terrorists. In the end these protesters (on both sides) are destroying the morale and lives of people fighting in the Iraq war and are disgracing the memories of those that died. The price of peace is extremely high especially because Americans do not know if we can ever have it. I do know that The line it is drawn The curse it is cast / The slow one now Will later be fast / As the present now Will later be past (Dylan). I do know that America must hold her ground against the terrorists.Americans will not be tyrannized and forced to live like cowards. Even when we face the murderous, cowardly pack, Pressed to the wall, dying, but fighting back (McKay Line 14). The American fight for freedom and peace has also managed to destroy our economy. Oil prices increased, the value of the American dollar decreased, and the stock market bottomed out. When Clinton was President the stock market was well over 10,000 after 9/11 it drop well under 8000. President Bush spe nt the Clinton Surplus on military, and it is just now in 2006 that the stock has become stabilized.I think that our economy will emerge from this disaster and become strong once again like it was before the attacks. In the pursuit of peace and destruction, people in Americans have finally understood their place in society and were back in the sun (White Line 10). Not as a not as a bystanders but an active and willing participants. Americans realize that there needs to be a great deal of change and those changes have started. American citizens encourage our senators, congressmen Please heed the call / Dont stand in the entrance Dont block up the hall (Dylan). And governmental officials are making changes.I think our nation needs to help a new generation of people realize that aftermath of that day when humans lives were lost and Americas unique humanity and independence was demonstrated. This generations police van were opened and turned around in the wake of airplane crashes. On September 11, 2001 many people lost their lives because men were seeking their own individual(prenominal) peace. Daily our soldiers are destroyed one by one for the goal of peace. The American economy struggles because of the war for peace against terrorism. Americans fight Americans over whether we should be in Iraq or not which tears apart soldiers pride.Before that Tuesday in September, I never thought about life and death. I never considered the consequences of war and the defence reaction of freedoms. Now that I am older, I realize that September 11, 2001 was not just pivotal point for me but America itself. Not since Pearl restrain had the United States been unexpectedly attacked on its own land. Just as families pulled together so did the United States as a whole. As a nation we cried together and we healed together. To actually witness the attacks was life changing but to be part of the healing process was life affirming.

Explanation and Context Review Communication

University of Phoenix Material Communication Theories and Context Review Communication can be understood by examining the context in which talk takes place and by reviewing some of the theories that govern how communication works within each context. Part A Communication Contexts Directions Define each communication context. A. Intrapersonal personal communication amid people B. Interpersonal Communication with oneself C. Group Communication with a group of people D. Organizational Communication within and among large, extended environments E. commonplace Communication to a large group of listeners F.Mass Communication to a very large audience through mediated forms G. Inter heathen Communication between and among members of different cultural backgrounds Part B Communication Contexts and Their Related Theories Directions Place the appropriate letter of each context above next to its related theory. Then write a brief explanation of each theory. Theories 1. _A__ Cognitive Disso nance Explains the tendency for individuals to seek consistency among their cognitions, such as beliefs and opinions. When there is an inconsistency between attitudes or behaviors (dissonance), something essential change to eliminate the dissonance.In the case of a discrepancy between attitudes and behavior, it is most likely that the attitude will change to accommodate the behavior. 2. _G___ Face-Negotiation Theory Explains how different cultures postulate conflict and communication. The theory explains that the root of conflict is based on identity management on individual and cultural levels. 3. __B__ Groupthink Explains how individuals may withhold their opposing opinions to advocate cohesiveness. Individuals may also withhold their opposing opinions because they fear rejection by the group. 4. _B__ Communication Privacy Management Explains the process that people use to manage the relationship between concealing and revealing private information 5. __D__ Organizational I nformation Theory Explains how organizations suck sense of the information that is essential for their existence 6. __F__ Spiral of Silence Explains why people tend to remain silent when they think their views are in the minority 7. __E__ Rhetoric/Dramatism/Narrative Paradigm Explains that people are essentially storytellers who make decisions on the basis of good reasons. History, biography, culture, and character determine what we consider good reasons.

Are We Happier Than Our Forefathers?

Long years ago stress was never a branch of anyones dictionary. However, to daylight it is the most common word used by everyone ranging from a 13-year-old child to a 95 year old adult. What is the reason behind the frequent usage of this word in the raw-day times? Earlier, primitive small-arm survived on bare essentials of invigoration & yet he was stress isolated only if today even though technology has gifted a luxurious life to man we are stressed. Earlier man had to roam from place to place in search of food & shelter. forthwith the modern man can even work by sitting at home with technologies like laptops & cellular phones. Yet today man has been confronted by various diseases & has to tackle stress. Why is it that a primitive man working several times harder than the modern man had time for pleasure activities just now a modern man has to make work his leisure and work to no end. Technology & modern equipments were to make mans life stress free & relaxed but instead i t had has adverse effect on mans life.A few centuries man had not even heard of dim diseases like aids however today every research & technology is being to find a treatment for this disease. Man has found medicines & treatments for the tiniest of the creatures on this earth but yet has failed to discover a cure, which would survive the life of a fellow mate. Science and technology has made it possible to reach the moon but is it of any use because we dont have time to go & even meet come in old parents who have taught us what a moon is & how to reach there.These facts make me think, Are we happier than our forefathers? in my discernment we are not as happy as they were. Our forefathers lived a stress free, contented & happy life but today these words are only seen in the dictionary. If we desire to live like our forefathers thus it could only be possible in the Himalayas because in this world we require money for minimal require & necessities & to earn that also we have t o work very hard. Working hard would mean work during the day accompanied by work through the night. Is this called being happy?

A Doll’s House

A raspberrys House, by Henrik Ibsen, portrays the outlasts of people who are dreadfully brink in their mixer settings. Nora is considered the typical example of feminine standards during this period. In the play, she is considered powerless and bounds herself to patriarchal expectations, which signifies womens social role as wife and mother. The plot format, characters, and theme play a vital role in contributing to the social hierarchy of this play.A Dolls House is written in three acts instead, of the traditional five-act plays. The plot construction of this play is characterized by exposition, complication, and resolution. For example, in act one exposition takes place when Noras character is exposed. She is opinionated to take care of her family however, is also extremely conceded and completely dependent upon her keep up, Torvald despite the way he treats her. The chief(prenominal) events take place one after another with complication along with rising action pop off in act devil the last act involves the steps to resolution as soon as the catastrophe takes place.Listen, Torvald. I have heard that when a wife deserts her economises house, as I am doing now, he is legally freed from all obligations towards her. In any case, I set you free from all your obligations.(act III, 79) In Act III, Nora, finally, has the courage to leave her husband which leads to the resolution taking place.During this play, the interview is exposed to a multifariousness of characters which result in the story being told from different perspectives. Nora is the protagonist of the play, and as the play goes on the audience views a mature in her. Torvald sees Nora as easily controlled equivalent a pet or child.However, as the play goes on Nora emerges as a fully self-sufficing woman who abandoned her marriage and the shoot of motherhood. Torvald is seen as unsympathetic and stiff throughout the play as well as avoiding interaction with his children. Dr. invest is intr oduced to the audience and is seen as corrupt when he expresses his desire for Nora. At the beginning of the play, Nora borrowed money from Krogstad without her husbands knowledge. Krogstad is the ultimate rendering of corrupt, he saw a chance to save his job at the bank when it becomes jeopardized by blackmailing Nora. all in all the characters described play a role in contributing to the social hierarchy of the play.A Dolls HouseINST 2608-02 A Dolls House response paper The two main characters in A Dolls House that I am going to centralize on are Torvald and Nora. They are a married couple living in a center of attention class home with three children and maids. Torvald has secured a position with a bank, after the New Year he will get a big salary and earn pots and pots of money. (Page 8) Nora has kept a large hush-hush from Torvald regarding money borrowed to take a trip to Italy so Torvald could recuperate in a warm mood from an illness. The story centers on Nora trying t o keep the secret from Torvald.Krogstad loaned the money to Nora and she forged the signature of her father as the co-signer on the contract. The plot thickens when Krogstad shows up at Noras house to blackmail her. Torvald refers to Nora as a miniature bird and talks to her like she is a lovely little doll. What do we call little birds that like to fritter money? (Page 9) Nora plays right along with all the references to a lovely bird that needs her husband to approve everything she does. I was annoyed with their relationship because of the way he treated her and because she allowed it to happen.Nora is a strong, smart and independent woman, who allows her husband to dominate. She acted this was because society expected this of woman. She did not think for herself in fear of the men becoming angry. When Torvald discovers Noras secret and realizes he may be ruined by the blackmail of Krogstad, he turns on her. Ive really had my eyes opened, in all these years. You who were my prid e and joy, a hypocrite A liar worse A criminal (Page 58) Nora realizes Torvald would not sacrifice his integrity for her. She proclaims that thousands of women sacrifice their integrity for men and she could not live with a stranger any longer.I was elated she made the decision to leave and stand up for what she believes. cipher Torvald said would change her mind. She realized her father had treated her like a doll and now her husband was doing the same thing. Nora walked away from everything in order to gain her independence and find out what she believed to be the truth. This took a very strong woman, because women were to be at home and raise the children. They were to look pretty and do as they were told. They were not to think or give opinions. Nora sacrificed everything to be free.

Employment Rights Act Essay

1. Know the statutory responsibilities and rights of employees and employers within own area of work.1.1 List the aspects of craft covered by lawHere is a list of the aspects of employment covered by law minimum wage, discrimination, health and safety, holiday entitlements, redundancy, dismissal, training, disciplinary procedures, union rights and consultation, maternity rights, protected disclosures, working time regulations, particulars of employments. Working hours and holiday entitlements, unwellness absence and sick pay, Anti discrimination provisions, Data protection, Relevant equalities legislation.1.2 List the main features of current employment legislation is Health and Safety Act 1974 Equality Act 2010 Date Protection Act 1998 meshing Rights Act 1996 Part Time Workers Regulations Act 2000 Working Time Regulations Act 1998 National Minimum net Act 19981.3 Outline why legislation relating to employment exists.Legislation relating to employment exists to protect the righ ts of employers and employees by providing rules and regulations that moldiness be followed. It prevents employers from abusing or taking advantage of employees. To prevent exploitation and To ensure safe working environment.1.4 localise sources and types of information and advice available in relation to employment responsibilities and rights. Sources and types of information that are available to employment duty and rights include Employment contracts -copy, company policies, manager of team, Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service, Jobcentre Plus, Citizens Advice Bureau, Department for Work and Pensions, Employment Appeals lawcourt Service, Her Majestys Revenue and Customs, Access to Work (to help pay towards a support actor or the equipment you need at work) and Direct.gov website.Understand agreed ways of working that protect own kindred with employer.

Food Chemistry Essay

The chemical processes that take place inside provender determine its nutritional value, taste, texture and freshness. Like any other organic material, food can crack up over a period of time. The importance of food chemical science lies in its ability to counter the effect of decomposition and spoilage and extend the shelf life of foods. Food chemistry is a recognition that studies the chemical processes that take place in food. All food products are made of biological materials that react and interact in different ways, and under different conditions.Carbohydrates, lipids (or fats) and proteins are the main components that make up food. Other components much(prenominal) as enzymes, water, minerals, additives and coloring are also lands of study within food chemistry. This branch of science plays a significant role in food processing methods designed to preserve and enhance availability and quality, fit in to Ohio State University. An understanding of the chemical processe s that take place in foods has made food supplies available on a global scale. Methods designed to counter the decomposition process are a central area of study.The principles underlying food chemistry create the methods that make it possible to harvest, preserve, distribute, store and prepare foods for human consumption, check to Ohio State University. Grocery stores are able to provide fresh milk, canned goods, microwave meals and frozen foods because of the friendship gained through food chemistry studies. Food chemistry plays an integral role within the food science technologies that make global supplies available, according to Ohio State University.These technologies draw from biology, physics, microbiology, nutrition and engineering to put food chemistry principles into practice. The methods used to package and label end-use products must also comply with Food and Drug Administration requirements. excessively of importance is the testing and experiments that go into creatin g flavorful foods for consumer consumption. Foods such as meats and vegetables can contain anywhere from 50 to 95 percent water content, according to Ohio State University.Water activity involves the amount of water available, or supersensitized to chemical and biological reactions within a food product. The amount of water activity collapse can determine the likelihood that bacterial growth and spoilage will develop within food materials. Chemistry methods work to reduce the amount of water contained in a material, or else counter its personal effects within a food product. Food quality, consumer satisfaction and government requirements are all factors taken into news report when designing food processing and preservation methods, according to Ohio State University.And while minimal processing enables foods to maintain their original nutritional content, the need to extend the shelf life of end products makes processing and preservation methods necessary. The pH level present w ithin a food product is another variable that influences flavor, texture and freshness. A pH level refers to acidity, or the lack thereof, with high acid contents being less susceptible to decomposition, or spoilage, than low acid content foods.

ART

It was written in the early romantic era 2. Can you think of another famous composer from this period? Ambrose doubting Thomas was also a composer during this period. He composed the opera Hamlet. 3. What instruments atomic number 18 required to play the number? The pianoforte is the main instrument and sometimes only instrument used to play this piece 4. For whom was the piece to begin with written? This was written for and dedicated to Beethovens star pupil, countess Giggliest Guardia 5. When and where did the premier take come forward?The original premier took place in 1 802 in the Brunswick family estate when Beethoven dedicated the piece to his pupil. 6. Was this piece written early, late, or in the centre of attention of the composers career? I would say that he wrote the piece in the early to middle parts of his life. Day 2 In-Depth Focus on a Piece Learning about the storey and genesis of a piece is only a small part of really getting to hit the sack it. Listen to the piece several more times. As you listen, focus on your own reactions.The effect it has on you, the listener, is the most important thing background information and historical data are only integrity piece of the puzzle. Describe your reaction to the piece, answering the questions below. 1. If there are words, what are they about? Is the text spiritual or secular? How does the music support or describe what the text is saying? at that place are no words to go along with this piece 2. If the text was in another language, were you able to commence a translation? If not, what do you think the subject could have been, based on what you heard?There was no text to the music but I assume the song was like a solution of love because he dedicated it to his passion Giggliest Guardia. 3. Describe the character of the music. Is it happy, sad, angry, pensive, tumultuous or playful? Something else? I believe this piece is soothing and calming while at the same time energetic and exciting. 4. What is your best-loved thing about the piece? Describe why you like it. I like the way the piece make you feel, it take me through an entire circle of emotions every time I listen to it.

Review of the Literature 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Review of the lit 4 - Essay ExampleThe past Moslem Revolutions demanded social transformation, alongside cultural, policy-making, and religious renewal, but in reality, some key Muslim political leaders have not used populism to truly collar the lives of their fellow believers. In Chapters seven to nine of Global Islamic Politics, Mir Zohair Husain explores the Iranian Islamic novelty and how it catapulted the importance of forming a genuinely Islamic state. The Islamic Revolution in Iran is pivotal to Islams resurgence, because it demonstrates the influence and causality of Revolutionary Islamism in driving the affairs of the political economy. Husain, nevertheless, indicates the failure of revolutionary Islamists to change the lives of the poor battalion for the better, as the former also become entrenched in traditional politics and aspire military group for its own sake. Khomeini, in particular, has not effectively improved the socio-economic condition of his people during his rise to power. In The Islamic Republic, Ervand Abrahamian argues that populism is a better concept that would fully grasp Khomeinism. Populism refers to the middle split up and its movement that mobilized the lower class in rejecting the Wests brand of capitalism, imperialism, and political ideologies (Abrahamian 17). Populist movements desire to solve social problems of poverty through cultural, social, and political transformation (Abrahamian 17). This transformation has its roots in Islam, where the classical age is considered as the ideal and best toughie for Islamic states (Abrahamian 17). Abrahamian stresses that opportunistic populism is the only category that fits the ideological movement of Khomeinism. What is opportunistic in Khomeinis populism is that in his writings, he does not call for important social changes and related revolutions. Instead, he used popular

Personal Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 12

Personal Statement - Essay ExampleI also became aware of their impact on environment as well as the need for regeneration process in my country. Thus, I became cause to involve myself with this mission that would be crucial to my nations long term sustainable harvest and increment by acquiring appropriate academic and professional knowledge.I pursued B. Sc economics in LSE, which allowed me to build up strong quantitative and policy analytical skills that would qualify me to pursue an M. Phil in Planning, Growth and Regeneration. The diverse modules that this course offers have evoked a keen interest in me and I am confident that these allow help me attain my aspirations both in professional and academic contexts. Besides, The mentoring from University of Cambridge, leave alone allow me to further hone my skills and train me for a career in housing and urban growing in future. I specifically want to exploit the potentials learning that this esteemed university offers in urban planning, spacial policies applied in divers(prenominal) countries, and real domain development. Studies in Urban and Environmental Planning will also help me understand the intricacies of relationships between economic growth and environmental sustainability. I desire to fix in Quantitative Research Methods based on my knowledge in econometrics and statistics to learn research techniques for evaluating development opportunities in urban and rural areas. Besides, I have keen interests in environmental issues, real estate as well as regulation and ownership control in vogue in different countries.2. You may write here your non-academic activities or any special circumstances not evident from different answers in this application that you wish to draw to the attention of the assessors of your application (Max 140 words).I have worked as an intern in Housing and Urban Rural Development Bureau in my city, where I authorized an opportunity to understand how housing policies and eco nomics have a symbiotic relationship that

Evaluate Financial Conditions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evaluate Financial Conditions - query Paper Examplement arrangements in external cash and investing pussys, which argon not registered by SEC, are usually determined by the fair worth for every allocation of the pools main(prenominal) portfolio, except if the pool is such like 2a7. Thus a 2a7-like pool is an external and cash investment pool which functions in accordance to the SECs Rule 2a7 as circulated under the regulation of enthronement Company Act of 1940, as adjusted. Investment arrangements in a 2a7-lie pool ought to be calculated at the net asset worth for every share supplied by the pool. An internal cash and investment pool on the other hand is an arrangement which pools the funds of over one component unit or fund of a given reporting entity. Internal cash and investment pools are to adhere to the focal point for non-current and short-term investments provided by various regulations. The position of each equity of every peak taking single out in the investment poo l must be stated as an asset in the single participating beak. Costs and income related with investments that are internally pooled are to be described in the accounts that account for the investments except if contractual or legal provisions need transfer of quantities to a different account (Crawford & Loyd, 2009).Interim financial reports are not needed for state and governmental units since external users of financial reports consent no need to assess monthly or quarterly performance of the government.I totally have with this statement since interim reports are usually prepared for the sole use of government oversight or management. It is very rare that interim reports will be released or issued to members of the general public. Interim reports are do either on a monthly or quarterly basis and usually show direct results, financial position as well as any other significant information. Such reports may also be used in comparison of actual financial data to budget. The mai n principles by which the interim financial reporting is

On The Genealogy of Morals Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

On The Genealogy of Morals - naming ExampleIt was a defining aspect of ancient Egyptian stopping point. This was Nietzsches point. Morality is defined by culture, not true piety.Nietzsches examination of true devotion was based on the question of pietism as a basis, not morality of a culture. There atomic number 18 some basic morality rules that have remained unchanged throughout history. Murder, theft, and adultery have been outlawed from the beginning by most cultures. These are not defined by anyone culture, but by most. The cultural values are what hatful a culture apart from another. For example, Christianity has had set moral laws based on the Ten Commandments. Jewish culture has set moral laws not only by the Ten Commandments, but other laws outlined in the Torah or Christian Old Testament. The Chinese Culture has been influenced by Taoism, Buddhism, and other Eastern religions. Religion has set the morality in many cultures.Another point that Nietzsche made is todays c ulture trying to repent for their cultures past. An example would be America trying to make up for slavery. There is not way a culture can make up for the past. The only solution is to try and wait for true morality, and then live that way. Nietzsche warned that cultures trying to atone for the past have already ended their cultures growth toward true

Drought vs ALS ice bucket challenge Annotated Bibliography

Drought vs ALS ice bucket challenge - Annotated Bibliography ExampleSpecifically, chapter 27 discusses Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Hence, Bellenirs writing is peer-reviewed article. Considerably, the earmark contents comprise creative ideas of Bellenir on psychic health conditions.Through the discussion, Bellenir provides specifics about emotional and mental health disorders. Through the book, he explains aspects of consumer knowledge relating to the manifold retail stores about brain disorders and mental health challenges.Significantly, in chapter 27 of the book, Bellenir apply the information from unreserved addresses. The book chapter serves to improve understanding of the risk factors, caused and subsequent treatments Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Therefore, Bellenirs writing provides insights that facilitate recognition of symptoms, and detailed diagnostic examinations. Bellenirs writing is relevant to the area of discussion about ALS. Largely, the work is useful in administering different treatment possibilities and identification of coping strategies for the patients across the globe. In addition, Bellenir explains common health care vocabulary.Thus, the book chapter is a handy requirement for people in various fields of study and operation in regards to understanding the complex human disorder challenges. However, a section of medical practitioners and scholars considers the work as handicap and lack authentication of medical standards.The article is BBC news release providing different sector and stakeholder views on the issue and extent of drought experienced in California. Essentially, this article elaborates current news event and topical issues in contemporary California.The BBC publication also provides information about past similar events. In this news gunpoint produced in August 2014, Leithead, BBC newscast journalist reports the nature and magnitude of drought in California. He describes the drought as the vilest climat ic condition experienced in a century.Furthermore, Leithead expounds that the

Grandparents Raising their Grandchildren Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Grand conjures Raising their Grandchildren - Essay ExampleThis paper discusses the difficulties, benefits, stools and other such(prenominal) factor related to the topic of disdainfulparents acting as parent to their grandchildren.Grandparents who raise their grandchildren have become predominant as an alternative family.(Bert, 2005) It is reported that 5.7 one million million million children are living with their grandparents out of which 3.7 million live in grandparents household. Various factsheets reveal that there thousands of grandparents in United States taking care of their grandchildren due to numerous reasons. It is non an easy task to identify the exact number of grandparents raising their grandchildren without a parent due to wanton relationships. With rising divorces, death of parents, disability, inability to care for their children, have increased the number of grandchildren being raised by grandparents.Kleiner et. al (1998) has classified grandparents into three sub groups as custodial grandparents, caregivers and day care parents. Casper & Bryson (1998) Custodial grand parenting is growing trend in American society with some 5.5 million grandparents have reported to be housing their own grandchildren in the year 1997. (Bert, 2005) It is also reported that the ages of most of the grandparents are between 55 and 64 years and 20% are over 65 years. Caregiver is explained as living with grandparents who provide day by day care but do not have legal custody. In such cases, grandparents focus on providing the child with economically and emotionally stable environment. The another classification day care grandparents focus on helping the childs parent and function closest to societal function of grandparent. Causes for Grandparents Acting as GrandparentsAccording to American Community Survey, 6.1 million grandparents are engaged in parenting activity in respect to their grandchild. 8% of grandchildren lived with their grandparent in the year 20 06 in United States. (US Census Bureau, 2006) Grandparent after retiring from parenting activities after their child has settled well, if resumes the parenting job again, it needs a lot of careful thinking on the topic. Grandparents usually accept the task out of natural screw and affection towards their grandchildren and would not accept the role of stranger in raising their grandchildren. (www.cornellcares.org)Most of the causes would revolve more or less the normal parents. Most of the statistics reveal that drug or alcohol abuse among natural parents is the main cause for inviting grandparent to step in and take over the responsibility of raising their grandchildren. It has been reported that in 1998 nearly 44% of youngsters were living with their grandparents because of their parents substance abuse. And interestingly 28% were victims of child abuse, neglect or improper attention and 11% because of death of their any one or both of the parents. (www.egyptianaaa.org) Various r easons include ill health of their parents, or inability of parents to take the responsibility of their child, divorce, unexpected pregnancy of teen or adult child, etc. The reasons why the grandparents are acting as parents may vary on various factors. Difficulties of Grandparents to raise their child galore(postnominal) researches have been

Research Paper Prospectus on the Economic and Financial Impact of the Proposal

Paper Prospectus on the Economic and fiscal Impact of the Gulf Oil Spil - Research Proposal ExampleThe worlds most advance(a) drill rigs, known as The Deepwater Horizon, was degraded to a mass of burnt metal in a split of seconds (Peppas, 2011). The rising demand for crude oil over the years meant that companies were drilling even deeper into the sea in an attempt to drill more oil. The oil spill occurred at a time when the industry was to the lowest degree expecting it industry experts has speculated that the chance of an explosion was less than one percent (McCoy & Salerno, 2011). However, the incident painted an correctly diametrical picture thousands of individuals were cleaning up the oil spill, with thousands of devices screening the blowout. Discoverer Enterprise, the drill ship, howled loudly as it departure out methane gas that shot from the runway well (Peppas, 2011). Another rig, Q4, 000 which burnt oil and gas, simultaneously set off (Peppas, 2011). What made matte rs worse was that the waters of the gulf were very difficult to reach the terrain is very rough marked by canyons, ridges and volcanoes (Farrell, 2011). The deposits lay buried under the salt ridges under the sea that were vulnerable to earthquakes. Furthermore, the temperatures underwater were freezing whereas the temperature of oil reservoirs was around 400 degrees (Upton, 2011). Economic concepts/approaches to be used in the research The economic concepts/ approaches to be involved are as follows The concept of negative externalities This concept explains the sham of individuals and/or corporations on a third-party (Hackett & Moore, 2011). They can be negative or positive however, in this situation the externalities are likely to be negative rather than positive. Negative externalities shall revolve around the following defame to marine life Damage to local fishermen Damage to the coastal areas economy Damage to U.Ss exports Damage to locals who urge on the toxicant fumes Damage to individuals who consume the contaminated seafood Cost Benefit analysis of the clean up This concept shall arise when the company involved decides to arrange for a cleanup of the oil spill as well as compensate the families of the deceased or affected people. BP shall have to weigh the private versus mixer costs and benefits associated with the remedies it take which shall be explored in the main research. As economic theory suggests the decision that BP takes whitethorn not be socially desirable because of corporations self-interest and focus on maximizing private wage benefits rather than maximizing social net benefits (Ramseur & Ramseur, 2010). Expected findings/outcomes The findings anticipate are Increasing unemployment- What shall be the impact on businesses whose earnings were tied to the Gulf of Mexico? Increasing government deficits in the region- What shall be the impact on fishermen who no longer have a source of income? Increase in national deficit- The defi cit is expected to exceeding $2 million (Landau, 2011) Inflation in prices of agricultural products Higher taxes- Politicians can use this opportunity to charge higher taxes on an already troubled population Ecological damage to Louisiana coast Damage to marine life- Oil has swept deep into the sand which is the breeding ground for most fruits and vegetables. If the oil isnt cleaned up it can lead to intoxicated vegetables and fruits that can contaminate human life. Also toxic fumes have penetrated deep into the sea bed that can harm marine life, including fishes, disturbing their entire ecological system

Managing and Leading Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing and Leading Change - Essay ExampleIt was observe that the key element for the undefeated implementation for the dislodge theory would be the complex interaction that takes brand in the midst of the different elements of change process in the organization. Organizational change is a structured attempt in an organization for ensuring that changes are executed smoothly and successfully to achieve long lasting benefits. In the modern business environment, organizations are facing constant change. Globalization and rapid innovation of technology has resulted in a constantly evolving business environment. The growth in technology has had a positive effect of change magnitude the availability of knowledge. Changes in an organization are in response to the economic and non economic events. Therefore, the ability to change and manage to organisational change is an essential requirement in todays workplace. Organizational change has a significant contribution to the five manage rial dimensions strategic thinking, leadership, task focussing, resources and relationships. Change perplexity enables the managers to authorise a caution problem by thinking creatively and independently. It enables the managers of the company to adopt a leadership approach which facilitates proper communication among the team ups and develop proper flow of communication. Change management has also contributed significantly to the task management by smooth coordination of activities between the departments and proper planning and control of activities. Change management also helps in acquiring and proper utilization of human resources. Managers have to understand that change is inhering and not a highly programmed process which begins with the identification of problem and selecting the preferable solution (McCalman and Paton, 2010). Managers and the organizations result be judged upon their capability of handling change in an effective manner. According to authors Cloke &G oldsmith change management helps in improving the organizational culture especially in a bureaucratic organization (Brantley, 2005). Change management compels the managers to adopt a change in the leadership approach which focuses on improving the relationship between employees and managers. Therefore one of the main purposes of change management would be to increase the organizational commitment among the employees and restructuring the organizational environment. The rationale for adopting a transformational leadership style would be to prevent the problems existent in an organization. Challenges Faced by the Organization It is observed from the above case study that the organizational structure, process and leadership approach will change completely for the required organization. Presently, the organization follows bureaucratic approach which means that the employees and managers follow the hierarchical order, percipient defined policies to attain the goals and objectives of the organization. The organization plans to expand further into retailing which requires a different leadership and management style to be adopted. The organization had tried to implement changes earlier however the strategic team was successful only in framing the policies and not implementation. A newly built change management team was formed for revamping the

International bussiness law Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International bussiness law - Coursework ExampleWith regard to the might along with the adequate significance of a valid contract, the fit of reflection is often viewed as unity of the major attributes which ensures to clearly understand about the conditions accepted by both the contractual parties during an agreement (MacMillan & Stone, 2012). This constitution intends to critically define and explain the aspect of favor in relation to the law of a contract. In order to critically understand the major guide telegraph lines underneath the aspect, the discussion of this paper would highly focus on critically evaluating the statements regarding love that include past consideration is not good consideration along with consideration must be sufficient but does not have to be adequate. (i) Definition and rendering of Consideration in relation to the Law of Contract In relation to the perspective of contract law, the aspect of consideration is identified as a set of principles that argon agreed by both the parties spot entering into an agreement. With the purpose of enforcing a contract, it is essential for both the party(s) to agree with certain terms along with conditions concerning payment. Therefore, consideration in a contract can further be stated as the commitment of pay the price of a contract by the other party. Consideration may also be prize as the benefit or interest acquired by one party with loss or liability given by the other party (Field, 2012). Moreover, consideration is also outlined as the fundamental requisite which denotes certain essential terms along with conditions, to be accepted by both the contractual parties in achieving the pre limitd objectives of the contract. Owing to the stated concern, the fundamental law governing the facet of consideration is generally defined as agreed equivalent and inducing causes of the parties, for the purpose of satisfying the value and validity of the contract (Xie, 2010). Therefore, considerat ion of a valid contract generally incorporates three major types of obligations that efficiently enable the contractual parties to save their desired objectives. In this regard, the obligations relating to the doctrine of consideration include the following The obligations associated with a valid and a warrant contract law ensure to act independently for smooth progress of the contractual agreement The obligations that are allocated by the third party of the contract and The obligations that exist in a particular contract with an individual, who has created a new promise, for which the persisting obligation is suspected in offering a valid consideration of a contract (MacMillan & Stone, 2012). Roles and Significance of Consideration With reference to the law of contract, consideration ensures to play a decisive reference for both the parties in order to achieve a valid contractual agreement. In relation to determine the importance of consideration, it can be affirmed from a broad er outlook that ensuring the incorporation of valid conditions in line with the justifiable requirements of a contract is an essential role of consideration. The aspect i.e. consideration