'The relationships between the physical environment and economic activities are no longer important\r'

'‘ entropy sustenance has its profess answers, inhabitants, firms, markets, geography and economies. In January 2007, it even had its own political riot. What is signifi send a representationt about this? Well, its stinting action bears absolutely no relation to the graphic purlieu. It is an wholly realistic world and, admittedly, a computer spicy †barely the point remains. Their currency, the transactions, the profits and the losses whitethorn occur in the games own currency alone toilette be converted into existent life US dollars.\r\nAlso read this Cheating in a Bottom Line Economy\r\nThis is twenty- premier(prenominal) century sparingal action as the knowledge fiction authors imagined it, and fundamentally, is totally isolated from the strong-arm environs. This could for certain be the grade of things to come, as indications of it can be seen translated onto the non-virtual world. The tangible purlieu is consistently being conquered by hum an exercise †in that location is little indispensability for tangiblely conducive circumstances for an area to be entered into the planetary capitalist thrift. Anecdotally, in that location is a real snow slope in Dubai †frugal employment based around winter sports is happening in the desert.\r\nArguably, humans still can non conquer wilderness †settlement in Japan is restricted to the coast and the capacious majority of mankind live close to coastal areas. Is this, however, more an issue of tradition than one of somatogenic necessity? Certainly, conservative theory would suggest that pile d defense slight their identities from tradition, which can squander chief(prenominal) economic implications. Las Vegas typifies the ‘bright lights receive of the USA †yet having outgrown its aquifer it sure enough shouldnt exist. Where there are serious economic incentives, the corporal purlieu pales into rattling little.\r\nThis has seriously implica tions in, for example, settlement patterns. interrogative of a pre industrial metropolis, much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as Potosi, in Bolivia, demonstrates the importance of the affinity mingled with the personal purlieu and economic activity. These cities were centres of power, bringing together the wealthy and politically powerful †both(prenominal) underpinnings of economic activity †with their servants and slaves in one large urban area, thus representing the beginnings of hierarchic economic arrangings that charter been replicated around the world. This was the start of urbanisation, solely what dictated the locations of these economic hubs?\r\nRead too written text General Fund direct Budget and Operating Transactions\r\nThe physical environs, from which everything was deignd and upon which everything relied. These new cities were center on the exploitation of a raw material such as coal or iron ore; Catal Huyuk in Turkey developed around volcanic glass, seemly one of the first economic centres. As these activities grew the industrial metropolis emerged, bringing people together in a work force and selling the products of their wear down in a market system for the first time †it was the physical environment providing the impetus and the raw materials that enabled both extended settlement and trade to occur. The relationship could non have been more key.\r\nHowever, what is the postindustrial urban center tied to? Very little †location of sedulousness is no longer tied to traditional centres that make due to the physical environment. ‘Footloose industries can be detect in the UK and other knowledge based economies. The forenoon strip around the M4 corridor and silicon fen have not developed where they are because of an exceptionally redeeming(prenominal) crop of microchips. They are focused around centres of discipline †science parks attached to the Universities of Oxford and Cambridg e, or important communication routes that link them into the spheric economy †the M4, and important links to London.\r\nRead also Intro to unexclusive Relations Notes\r\nSimilarly, it is human economics that has ‘saved those areas previously pendent on the physical environment. The decline of the mining sedulousness in South Wales had a profound collision on the touch areas causing significant depression. This detail is being reversed with subsidies from the European Union; an economic body that rose from a belief in the law of comparative advantage as contrasted to the physical environment. The relationship here between the physical environment and economic activity appears somewhat less significant than for pre industrial cities.\r\nIf post industrial cities no longer rely on the physical environment for their economic activity, but pre industrial and industrial cities derive their location, habitation and economic activity from the physical environment of their surroundings, it could be make outd that those nation states who have no undergone industrialisation have a greater reliance on the physical environment. Rio de Janeiro owes much of its grandeur and wealth to the physical environment †many of the municipal buildings were built on the influx of wealth from the extraction of gold in the 18th and 19th centuries.\r\nToday, the area is the biggest extractor of oil color in Brazil from off shore palm; a position in continues to hold in spite of the opening of markets due to its imaginativeness endowment. Conversely, it can also be the physical environment that dictates a very different course of economic events; imaginativeness express theory suggests that an endowment of a break inicular resource †such as diamonds in many African nations †can in fact authorize to stinted economic activity as the economy develops in an demented manner.\r\nThe poor economic situation in these states would sure suggest an importan t relationship between economic activity and the physical environment that must be understood for a solution to be reached. In a similar vein, some cities have not been able to cope with the move away from a close relationship with the physical environment. ‘Old industrial cities, such as Sheffield in the UK and Lille in France are characterised by loss of employment in the primary sectors, as mining and other physical environment level-headed industries decline.\r\n there are often high levels of well-disposed deprivation and population loss from the inner city as out migration occurs. This illustrates that the relationship between the physical environment and economic activity is just as relevant today as it was with the initial city forming influences †in this case, the location of the cities, a physical factor, on the periphery of post industrial development has lead to economic depression and social deprivation. Furthermore, the observance of the product of the po stindustrial city from pre industrial times has been focused on the midpoint regions of the UK, the USA and Japan.\r\nThis conservative view of development theory assumes that all development leave undergo similar courses, thus implying that the relationship between the physical environment and economic activity in LEDCs is more important than that in MEDCs. Structuralists, however, leave behind indicate that this is not the case. The growth of these ‘core regions has huge implications for the entire world-wide economy based around human derivatives as opposed to physical factors. The periphery is, in essence, not affected by the physical constraints that some argue are the cause of its p overty.\r\nIt is the economic actions of ‘core elements of inn that event in the economic situations in LEDCs. Studies that led to this ‘ addiction theory observed the actions of wealthy in Sao Paulo which had huge implications on the favela dwellers and the unskilled labou rers of Brazil; this is translated on a global scale †the economic activity that keeps the poorest sections of global society in that position is arguably the resolving power of the actions of the core nations which they have had most to do with in the olden.\r\nIf this is the case, there is little relationship between the physical environment and economic activity. In spite of all this, however, there is an undeniable economic usurpation when disaster strikes. The striking bear on of the Asian tsunami is a clear illustration. The action of the tectonic plates that in turn triggered the tsunami could not have been predicated, although it has been argued that the quick pinpointing techniques could have provided greater notice of the wave. thus far if this was the case, what of the impact to the settlements, the farmland and the tourist industry that it undo?\r\nThe economic implications of this were huge †raising the point that no matter how much humans attempt to govern the physical environment in pursuit of economic incentives, what initially allowed the development of the global economy can just as easily destroy it. The impact of natural disaster on economic activity is neither new nor restricted to LEDCs. Although the death suppose in LEDCS, such as the Kerala Earthquake, is usually high than in MEDCs, the economic impact in MEDCs can be even more dramatic †the Kobe Earthquake, or the effects of Loma Preta ripping through San Francisco.\r\nHere, flights were disrupted when a runway ruptured, and damage to free ways and bridge held up over one million commuters for over a month. The economy that these commuters were a part of may not have derived directly from the physical environment, but the psychological disorder and thus cost caused by the physical environment was huge. Even those natural disasters we have exemplar of have significant impact. The Stern Report tardily emphasised the huge economic cost of clime veer to certa in regions of the globe, which in an increasingly globalised economy would have resounding effects around the globe.\r\nThere is strong evidence to the effect that the current change is human induced, and even speculation that it will be global warming that proves to be Malthus final resource limit. As global temperatures increase, the Greenland ice sheet will melt. This introduction of fresh water will shrivel up the salinity of the Gulf Stream as it goes north and sinks, powering the global conveyor. If this ocean current is unable to sink, the global conveyor will cease to moderate climatic extremes around the globe.\r\nWhilst the UK may have handled this in the past during the Little Ice Age, in an economy pendent on roads, private cars and international travel, the economic disruption would be huge as the temper became colder. control snowfall has considerable economic impact today, devising its potential impact huge. Economic activity itself, therefore, has strengthene d the importance of the relationship between the physical environment and economic activity. Furthermore, given the attention paid to climate change by governments, the press, and NGOs alike, the carbon trading barter is increasingly significant.\r\n carbon paper Exchange, a firm that manages both voluntary carbon trading schemes in the US and administers the compulsory cap and trade system in the EU, has seen its share prices rocket to nearly i??12 a share in recent months. Here, the impact of economic activity on the physical environment is giving rise to another round of economic activity. Carbon trading is big business and completely subjective from the physical environment. Is this, rather than a ‘Second Life virtual existence of economic activity more the shape of things to come?\r\nThere are other such examples of considerable profits being derived from climate change concerns †effectively; we are reverting to a system whereby economic activity is the direct resu lt of the physical environment. In conclusion, it would appear that the physical environment did much to shape the initial economic developments of core regions, such as the UK, the USA and Japan. It has imparted traditions that persist by way of settlement patterns and economic strengths. If this is the case, a simple fraction can be made †MEDCs do not rely on the physical environment for economic activity where LEDCs do.\r\nHowever, this ‘model cannot be held paramount, as it appears not to be the case; structuralist views point out the presence of passing developed and desperate poverty even in spite of appearance the same city as a result of dependency, rather than economic development as a result of the physical environment. In spite of this, there exists an undeniable relationship between the physical environment and economic activity that applies to both LEDCs and MEDCs †the impact of natural disaster.\r\nFurthermore, there is increasing economic emphasis s urrounding climate change, particularly in MEDCs. Fundamentally, economic activity is an aspect of human activity. Humans are part of the biosphere, and in turn, part of the physical environment. Whilst we may not be as constrained by hatful ranges or climate extremes, as once was the case, it is tentative there will ever be a situation where the relationship between the physical environment and economic activity is totally irrelevant.\r\n'